Paper-2 content

Psychiatry fcps Paper-2 content 

Basic Pathology:

• Cellular Response to Injury, Free Radical Induced Cell Injury
• Definition of Cell Necrosis, Definition of Apoptosis
• Definition of Inflammation, Chemical Meditors of Inflammation
• Mutation, Mendelian Disorders, Multifactonal Inheritance, Cytogenetic Disorders

Neuropathology:

• The neuropathology of organic disorders including the dementia, delirium and amnesie disorder, lobar dysfunctional presentation.
• The neuropathology of schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), neuropathology of other psychiatric disorders particularly disorders of brain damage related to stress the glucocortioid cascade hypotheses.
• Condition associated with mental retardation, inborn error of metabolism. Pathology of degenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Pick's of disease, Huntington's disease.
• Parkinson's disease and tardive dyskinesia.
• Association between the localization of gross cerebral lesions and clinical signs (including tumors, trauma, cerebra-vascular disease, infections including slow versus and unconventional agent affections).

Pathology of Endocrine Disorder and Neuroimmunology:

• Pathology of endocrine glands including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypopituitarism, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hypoadrenalism, hypoadrenalism in to psychiatric disorders, diabetes.

Neuroimmunology:

• Overview of Immune system, Stress and Immune Response, relevance of Immune System and CNS interactions to psychiatric Disorder.

Psychopharmacology :

1.General principles:

• A brief historical review of the development of psychotropic drugs and classification of psychotropics. The principles of rational prescribing of psychotropics.

ii. Pharmacokinetics:

• General principles of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Comparison of different routes of administration as they affect drug availability, elimination and access to the brain through blood-brain barrier. Relationship between plasma drug level and therapeutic Response,

lii. Pharmacodynamics:

• Synaptic receptor complexity, subtypes of receptors, phenomenon of receptor up / down regulation. The principal CNS pharmacology of psychotropics with particular attention to their postulated mechanism of action in achieving therapeutic effect at both synaptic molecular and system levels. These groups mainly include antipsychotics, mood stabilizing agents, antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, psychostimulants and antiepileptic agent,Neurological effects of ECT.

iv. Classification of Psychotropic Drugs:

• Broad classification of psychotropic drugs. Classification of Antipsychotics. Antidepressants, Anxiolytics and hypnotics, Mood Stabilizers, Stimulants, Cholinestrase inhibitors.

v. Adverse Effects:

• Understanding dose related adverse reactions associated with main groups of risks and benefits of psychotropic drugs in acute. Short and long term use including effects of withdrawal.

vi. Drug Interaction:

• Concept, types, Pharmacokinetic interaction, pharmacodynamics interaction, idiosyncratic interaction. Cytochrome P450 Substrates and inhibitors.

Biochemistry

Basic Biochemistry:

• General consideration, relationship of biochemistry and health, electrolyte dissociation and activity, acid, base and buffers, nature of biochemical reactions, biomolecular-cellular environment including water and pH, functional role of subcellular organelles and membranes-osmotic pressure, the colloidal state.

Neurochemistry:

• Neurotransmitters; synthesis, storage and release lon channels and calcium flux in relation to ion channels.
• Receptors: structures and function in relation listed below in pre-synaptic and post synaptic receptors.
• Basic biochemistry of noradrenaline, dopamine, GABA, acetylcholine, excitatory amino acids,
• Neuropathies: Elementary knowledge of neuropathies, particularly corticotrophin releasing hormone and cholecystokinin, encephalon's and endorphins.
• Chronobiology

Metabolism:

• Energy metabolism including respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation, intermediary metabolism, metabolism of carbonates. protein including purine and pyramidines and fa metabolism.